What is a torsion spring?
A torsion spring is a horizontally mounted coiled spring positioned above a garage door opening that stores and releases energy to counterbalance the door's weight, enabling smooth operation with minimal effort from the opener.
Mounted on a steel shaft above the garage door opening, a torsion spring works by storing mechanical energy as it winds and releasing that energy as it unwinds. This counterbalancing action reduces the load on the garage door opener motor, allowing it to raise and lower the door with far less force than would otherwise be needed. The spring is anchored at both ends to metal brackets and rotates around the shaft as the door moves.
Torsion springs differ from extension springs, which run alongside the door's vertical tracks and stretch to provide lift. Torsion springs offer more precise control, require less headroom, and last longer in typical residential use. However, they operate under high tension and store significant energy, making them both effective and potentially dangerous if mishandled.
In Ontario garages, torsion springs are a common service point. Years of repeated opening and closing cycles cause the metal to fatigue, eventually leading to breakage. A broken torsion spring leaves the door inoperable and puts extra strain on the opener. Spring replacement typically requires professional help, as tension adjustment demands specialized tools and knowledge. Regular inspection by garage door service providers can identify wear and prevent unexpected failure.